To have learning intraspecific version from recombination speed in the maize, i authored a few 1 / 2 of-sib boards, you to definitely to have Dent and something to own Flint inbred contours. Reduction and you can Flint are two maize gene pools which might be essential to have crossbreed breeding in Europe . The two 1 / 2 of-sib panels made a maximum of twenty four complete-sib parents. The newest Reduction committee constitutes 10 crosses out of a central Drop inbred range (F353) with varied Drop founder inbreds of one’s Eu Damage gene pool that have been created in European countries and you will North america. From the Flint panel a main Flint inbred range (UH007) try crossed to eleven naturally diverse Flint maker inbreds of one’s European Flint reproduction topic. The new Flint founder lines come from early maize introductions to help you The country of spain together with off therefore-entitled Northern Flints out-of France and you can Germany. On the other hand, a couple mutual crosses among them central Drop and you may Flint traces was in fact reviewed and in for each and every committee that mix toward Us Dent line B73 try provided because a link with the usa nested association mapping (NAM) inhabitants .
Here, we report on the analysis of the variation of recombination rate in 23 populations of maize using SNPs from the MaizeSNP50 BeadChip . All populations consist of doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained by in vivo haploid induction . DH lines produced with this method reflect female meiosis. Unlike F2 or RILs, DH lines have the great advantage that the genetic information of each gamete is directly observed. Our objectives were to analyze intraspecific variation for (1) GWRR and chromosome-wide recombination rate, (2) recombination landscape along chromosomes, and (3) CO interference, using high-density genetic linkage maps. We found significant differences of GWRR between individual populations as well as between Dent ? Dent versus Flint ? Flint populations, but not between the Dent and Flint our teen network gene pools in general. GWRR was not correlated with the genetic structure of the lines as inferred from admixture analysis. We analyzed the recombination landscapes in all populations and found significant differences between individual populations and between pools. Finally, we characterized quantitatively the interfering and non-interfering CO formation pathways and found a negative correlation over all chromosomes between interference intensity of pathway P1 and GWRR.
Efficiency
We constructed two half-sib panels comprising a total of 24 maize full-sib families of DH lines for the analysis of intraspecific variation of recombination rates. The full-sib families within the two panels represent the diversity of important founder lines of the European Dent and Flint germplasm, respectively (Table 1; Additional file 1). In the Dent panel (prefix CFD), all full-sib families have the same common parental line F353 which was crossed to diverse Dent founder lines. The common parent of the Flint full-sib families (prefix CFF) is line UH007, which was crossed to diverse Flint founder lines. 1 plants for in vivo haploid induction, so our maps reflect only female meioses. Details on the diversity analysis of the parental lines are given in Additional file 2.
In all crosses, brand new haploid inducer line was applied as the male parent when entered to your F
Given that a first help the research of recombination, private genetic charts was basically built for 23 outside of the twenty-four populations each of your own 10 chromosomes. Chart analytics are provided when you look at the Desk step one with additional information for the A lot more document 3, and the done range of marker positions in most charts with this new intense segregation information is offered for the Most document cuatro. In total, 39,439 SNPs of the MaizeSNP50 range would be mapped in the in the the very least one to society. Overall populations, as much as 33,884 COs was indeed found in dos,233 people meioses and you will, normally, eleven,988 SNPs was basically mapped in one single offered population. The typical getting Drop ? Dent communities (all CFD but CFD01) are 13,247 indicators mapped and also for Flint ? Flint communities (every CFF but CFF01 and you will CFF02) an average are 9,874. Having inhabitants CFF05, hence made up just 34 DHs, zero steady chart will be gotten. The full duration of hereditary charts varied from,180 centiMorgan (cM) in population CFD05 to one,893 cM inside the CFF03 that have an indicate of 1,508 ± 185 cM (mean ± simple deviation). An average genetic map duration on the 10 Reduction ? Damage populations (CFD02 in order to CFD12) is step 1,353 ± 99 cM, just like the eleven genetic charts away from Flint ? Flint populations (CFF03 to help you CFF15) had been, an average of, expanded at the step one,645 ± 154 cM. The 3 charts out-of crosses between Drop and Flint moms and dads (CFD01, CFF01, CFF02) got an advanced average duration of step one,570 ± 85 cM. The biggest gap inside the an inherited chart try 53.7 cM toward long arm away from chromosome seven (7L) from inside the society CFF13, in which zero SNPs had been polymorphic involving the parents, most likely due to name-by-ancestry (IBD). Information regarding genome-large range and IBD segments anywhere between moms and dads of one’s mapping communities come in A lot more document 2. Synteny and you may colinearity of your genetic charts try compared with the newest B73 AGPv2 genome set up. Generally speaking, a leading agreement try located, appearing the fresh higher feel out-of marker acquisition round the populations, which have pair exclusions just like the demonstrated in the A lot more file 2.